A definition of content and uses permitted on a website or a network, as conditions of using that site or network. AUP's are often stated for ISPs, networks, organizations, and universities.
Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line. Technology to carry high speed data over ordinary phone lines. It is up to 70 times as fast as a 28.8 modem (Not in SA), and can be used concurrently with voice over the same line. It is gradually being offered to homes commercially now. It is called "asymmetric" because download speeds to the subscriber are faster than upload speeds from the subscriber
Capping means that when reach your allocated limit on your ISP ADSL Account, such as a 3 GB account the ISP will limit your bandwidth, usually cutting you down to the speed of a normal dial-up account.
Hard capping means that when you reach your allocated limit on your ISP ADSL Account, your ISP will limit your bandwidth to the extent that you will only be able to have access to your ISP’s website, local traffic (South African websites) and International traffic (international websites) will be inaccessible.
Soft capping means that when you reach your allocated limit on your ISP ADSL Account, your ISP will limit your bandwidth to the extent that Local Traffic (South African Websites) will be accessible but International Traffic (international traffic) will be reduced to the speed of a 56K Dial-Up.
Shaping means that your internet speed is limited to a certain amount of kbps (kilobytes per second). ISP’s will allocated certain amounts of kbps to certain ports, this is known as prioritization. For example all website traffic, (port 80) will have a higher priority over FTP traffic (port 21), meaning that website traffic will constantly have acceptable speeds while other ports will be limited.
Adware is free software that is supported by advertisements. Common adware programs are toolbars that sit on your desktop or work in conjunction with your Web browser. They include features like advanced searching of the Web or your hard drive and better organization of your bookmarks and shortcuts. Adware can also be more advanced programs such as games or utilities. They are free to use, but require you to watch advertisements as long as the programs are open. Since the ads often allow you to click to a Web site, adware typically requires an active Internet connection to run.
This is a Web page that has one or more ASP scripts embedded in it. ASP scripts are like small computer programs that run when an ASP-based Web page is accessed. You can tell if you're accessing an active server page if the suffix of the URL is ".asp" (as opposed to ".html"). ASP pages are processed on a Web server before they are transferred to a user's Web browser.
ASP pages are typically used for pages that have dynamic, or frequently changing information. For example, an ASP script might get a visitor's zip code through a form on a Web page, then customize the content on the resulting page based on that information. Since ASP technology was designed by Microsoft, ASP scripts are typically written in Microsoft's Visual Basic programming language.
DSL is a technology aims to offer broadband connectivity to businesses and individuals through the use of cheap telephone lines. DSL basically uses the infrastructure of a regular telephone network, because this network had been widely spread around the world for some time, there is no need to acquire new infrastructure or upgrades.
DSL technology uses the extra capacity within copper telephone lines; it merely allocates the unused bandwidth in phone line for data transmission. Telephone lines normally carry voice data but there is a huge “space” left that can be used or some other purpose. In fact, telephone wires have a huge bandwidth or range of frequencies that can be used to transport other forms of data apart from voice. DSL capitalize on this extra capacity to deliver its data without disturbing telephone signals. So you can carry on a conversation on the telephone line without affecting the data transfer being carried out by the DSL. In short a DSL circuit can carry both data and voice signals at the same time, it has the added feature of keeping the data part in continuous connectivity.
With DSL, the closer you are to the DSL service provider, the faster and more stable your connection can be. So if you are within a certain perimeter of the DSL Company, then you can obtain speeds up to 6 megabits. This speed will ensure that your motion pictures, audio and video will be transmitted correctly without breaking, jerking or freezing. With regards to internet connectivity, you can have speeds up to 1.5 Mbps for downstream and 128 Kbps for upstream. This feature makes DSL a viable solution over dial up which uses the same medium to produce about one tenth of the speed available in DSL. If you regularly load multimedia files such as MP3s, audio, and video, then DSL is your best choice.
DSL relies solely on the old telephone technology which is called Plain Old Telephone Service or POTS for short. POTS operate by limiting the frequencies carried by its equipment including switches, receivers, transmitters, etc. The reason for this limitation is that, the human voice can be carried across a telephone line at the frequency of 3400 Hertz although the wires have the potential to transmit 20000 hertz. The reason for limiting the frequency is that, it allows the telephone system to cram a lot of wires into a small space without causing jamming between lines.
DSL carries data in two of one ways; through the Discrete Multi-tone (DMT) or the carrierless amplitude/phase (CAP) system. DMT segregates signals into 247 separate channels, each 4 KHz wide. CAP rather divides the signals on the line into three frequency bands: 0 to 4 KHZ to manage telephone conversations, 20 to 130 for carrying data from the user to the server and 140+ KHZ to download information from the server to the ser PC. The reason for the splitting of the channels id is to prevent interference of channel into the other., minimizes the possibility of interference between the channels. DSL uses filters to segregate one frequency channel from the other so that telephone conversations do not stray into the broadband signals.
DSL uses two principal devices. One of these can be found on the user's premises and the other is located at the provider’s office. At the customer's end, you can find a transceiver and at the provider’s, an Access Multiplexer (DSLAM).
Now let’s examine the functions of these two pieces of equipment.
TRANSCEIVER (DSL Modem)
Technically, it is referred to as ATU-R. The function of this device is to serve as a point at which user data is connected t the DSL line.
DSLAM
The DSLAM, located at the premises of the provider is the core equipment that controls the technology. The function of this device is to accept DSLAM connections from several users and bundle them onto a single connection to the Internet. DSLAM can support different kinds of DSL and protocol varieties, including CAP and DMT. DSLAM can additionally serve as a router or assign IP addresses to users.
Actually, it is the DSLAM that provides one of the core differences between a cable and DSL connection. This device provides a dedicated connection for each user so there is no loss of speed as new users are added unlike cable connection.
Unlike dial up, DSL comes in many flavors. Principally we have:
ADSL
Asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL) is the popular of all the DSL types. Several homes and small businesses find ADSL easy to use. ADSL provides high speed transmission of information at a high bandwidth over regular phone lines. Unlike dialup phone, ADSL gives consumers permanent internet connectivity. ADSL can contain both analog and digital information on the same telephone line. ADSL is said to be asymmetric because most of the bandwidth is used to transmit information downstream. You can have speeds up to 8 Megabits per second which translates into over 100 times faster the speed of regular dial up. Upstream speed can be up to 640 Kbps.
ADSL uses dedicated bandwidth so multiple connections to several home will not affect its performance or speed. Rather, your speed will depend on how far you are from the DSL provider.
SDSL
Symmetric digital subscriber line (SDSL) is best suited for delivering symmetric connectivity to users. SDSL also uses the regular telephone lines but can offer several services along the same line. With SDSL, you can have a private line, digital voice transmission, and Internet Protocol (IP), or frame relay on the same line. Due to its symmetric nature, it provides a consistent upload and download transmission speeds. The rate of receiving data is the same as sending. SDSL can offer speeds up to 2.3 mbps; making them a popular option for people who deal with teleconferencing and uploading of heavy materials such as multimedia to remote servers.
SHDSL
Symmetric high-speed DSL (SHDSL) is another version of SDSL, which attempts to improve on both HDSL and SDSL by only requiring a single line and by integrating low-level services of interest to small businesses. As the latest development in DSL technology, SHDSL delivers standards-based, high-speed, symmetric DSL over a single copper pair. SHDSL is based on the G.shdsl standard established by the International Telecommunication Union - Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T). G.shdsl is a version of symmetrical rate adaptive DSL that can accommodate line rates from 192 kilobits per second (kbps) to 2.3 megabits per second (Mbps).
As with SDSL, SHDSL is symmetric. This allows for a maximum data rate that is the same both upstream and downstream. Typically, SHDSL generates speeds of 2.3 Mbps upstream and downstream. SHDSL addresses rate/range adaptability, spectral compatibility, impairment tolerance, and high-speed symmetrical deployment for applications such as multiple voice-line delivery, internet access and remote LAN access. SHDSL gives providers a platform to deliver improved services at a much lower cost than traditional T1/E1 - with the flexibility to satisfy a variety of service needs and generate increased revenue. SHDSL offers the benefits of T1/E1 and can be used in the same bundled cable loop as ADSL, without causing interference. Business customers need the high speed of T1/E1 transmission, leased line services, and guaranteed performance for high bandwidth applications such as voice, video, and data.
IDSL
IDSL is another variation of technology which permits users to use regular ISDN card technology for transmission of only data. IDSL was created for users who are located farther fro the DSL companies so that they can take advantage of the popular asymmetric DSL which can offer data speeds of up to 144 kbps. In operation, IDSL uses digital transmissions to bypass the company’s CO equipment that carries analog signals. It uses the regular ISDN data coding to lump up an ISDN service and voice signals onto one line.
HDSL-2
High bit rate digital subscriber line (HDSL-2) is a more recent type of DSL. It was created to replace T1pE1 lines and the earlier HDSL technology. HDSL-2 can transmit data up to speeds of 1.5 Megabits per second (Mbps) across a single pair of copper wires and covers distances of up to 12,000 feet. HDSL-2 supports interoperability; meaning different vendors can interconnect each other without problems of software or hardware incompatibility. HDSL-2 also supports voice, data, video using asynchronous transfer mode (ATM), private-line T1 service and frame relay.
Recently there has been the release of G.SHDSL, a multiple-rate version recommended b the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). G.SHDSL is a standard symmetric rate DSL capable of delivering speeds up to 2.3 Mbps.
VDSL
Very high bit rate digital subscriber line (VDSL) is one of the newest developments in DSL. VDSL delivers fast data rates across short distances - the shorter the distance, the faster the connectivity. VDSL can produce speeds up to 55 Megabits per second (Mbps) over a distance of 1,000 feet. VDSL connects to neighborhood optical network units (ONUs), which then extends connectivity to the telephone company's central office (CO) main fiber network backbone. Thus, users on this service can obtain the highest bandwidth any phone line can offer. Experimentation has proved that DSL can deliver interactive video, video o demand and high definition TV.
G.Lite
G.Lite bears similarity to ADSL. It offers low speed data transfer by eliminating the need for POTS splitters at the customers end. G.Lite is easy to install and chap but have a lower rate of 1.5 mbps downstream and 384kbps upstream.
In the same way that firewall software runs on your computer and allows certain traffic through, a piece of hardware (dedicated pc or stand alone box) can protect users and the traffic allowed through. Firewall hardware is generally used in an environment where multiple users need to have a secure internet connection, such as an office or bank. Dedicated firewalls provide better security over personal firewalls (software) as they allow greater control over what applications and ports are allowed to send and receive data.
A firewall allows you to control what services and programs connect to the internet from your computer. By allowing only certain applications to connect to internet you reduce your chances of experiencing a security breach. In addition to blocking certain programs from connecting to the internet, firewalls also monitor the traffic coming through to your computer whilst you are connected. By disallowing certain traffic through to your computer you effectively secure your internet connection.
In order to prevent automated bot registrations you will need to use the following forum registration code when trying to register as a user on our forums: ispd
A control panel is software that is setup on the server which allows you to control and manage your domain. I.E. you would be able to setup virtual directories, setup new mail accounts, view your monthly statistics. Think of a hosting control panel in a similar way to a Microsoft Windows based PC’s control panel.
acceptable use policy (AUP)